MST,
Pardon me while I open this can-o-worms...
8-22-C is a Baldwin classification number.
8 = Eight wheels on the engine.
22 = This one is tricky: 22 / 2 = 11 11 + 3 = 14" Cylinder bore.
C = Two driving axles.
Thus an 8-22-C is a 4-4-0 w/ 14" cylinders.
This link will take you to a page with a picture of Carson & Colorado #2, which is one:
[www.urbaneagle.com]
To put it in perspective a Mikado (2-8-2) would be something like 12-34-1/4-E.
12 = Tweleve wheels on the engine.
30 = 20" Dia Cylinders
1/4 = Engine has a trailing truck
E = Eight driving wheels.
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# Of Wheels on Engine
(# / 2) +3 = Cylinder Bore Dia.
1/4 = Trailing Truck
1/2 = Special Order (bigger boiler, Longer stroke, etc...)
C = Four driving wheels.
D = Six driving wheels.
E = Eight driving wheels.
F = Ten driving wheels.
G = Twelve driving wheels.
T = Tank Engine
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Thoes are only the more common parts of the system.
This numbering system was also used as an engines seiral number (not to be confused with it Construction Number.) The engine I'm modeling was 8-22-C-54. Meaning it was the 54th 8-22-C built.
This classification system was used up to the last steamer to roll of the Baldwin shops.
Curtis F.