Whistle signals were standardized during what would be known as the "Standard Time Convention". At the same time that the railroads were parcelling up the world into time zones (many of the time change points are at major railroad terminals they were also standardizing the operating rules.
As was mentioned, this book was called initially the "Standard Code of Operating Rules". From this book each railroad took and created their own individual rule books. It lent consistency from one railroad to another, so that when running on a foreign railroad, the rules weren't completely different.
Rule 108:
Rule 99:
Rule 102:
All the same from railroad to railroad.
That is until the lawyers created the new phone book that we are all forced to carry, the General Code.
Rick Steele