From: HISTORY OF THE BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS P 89
THE FIRST MIKADO TYPE LOCOMOTIVE
Nippon Railway
Cylinders. 181/2"x24" Drivers. Diam. 44"
Weight, Total Engine. 119,600 Ib.
"Early in 1897, a group of unusually interesting locomotives were shipped to the Nippon Railway (Japan). These locomotives were all designed to burn a most inferior quality of coal, requiring large grate area and a firebox of ample depth and volume. They were of two types -the Atlantic, for passenger service, and a modified design of Consolidation for freight service. The latter had a wide, deep firebox, which was placed entirely back of the driving wheels and over a rear truck. ... All these locomotives proved highly successful. Freight locomotives of a design similar to those built for the Nippon Railway, were subsequently introduced in the United States, and were appropriately designated the 'Mikado" type. "