If you are building real track at the 12" to the foot, you might need to consider the State Laws, which apply for track spacing. The laws keep making it wider for safety of men on the side of cars, and every state varies. And it would be different for narrow gauge. But these days, no crewmember should ever ride on any side of any moving equipment. WALK on the ground! You no longer have 65 car narrow gauge trains to walk around. Never climb over coupler or equipment.
This idea of painting narrow gauge stirrups, handholds, and ladders white for safety is a farce. If you want safety, keep you feet on the ground all the time, or ride in the cab or coach, getting on only when the movement is stopped! Paint the hand holds the historic way they were!
If you are building a model railroad and want to be accurate, then find the aerial photo of the site and measure the spacing that was there in the past.