Each foot of head (or elevation change) is equal to 0.433 psi at the bottom. Discharge head for the pump at the bottom needs to be the elevation difference between it and the overflow of the tank. And something more to overcome the head loss caused by the friction of the pipe.
Looking at a USGS topo map it appears that from the river to the base of the tank is about 410 feet. If you were able to fill the pipe from the river to the ground level at the tank the static pressure at the lower end a gauge would read about 176 psi. To fill the tank (say about 30' higher) the static pressure would be about 190 psi at the bottom. So you do need to have a pump discharge pressure of easily at least 200 psi because of the head-loss friction from the pipe.
A rusty pipe with mineral deposits inside is going to have more head-loss friction that a smooth new pipe of whatever material.
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